16/12/2022
๐๐ผ๐ด๐ถ๐๐๐ถ๐ฐ๐ ๐ณ๐น๐ผ๐๐ ๐ฎ๐ป๐ฑ ๐ฝ๐ฟ๐ผ๐ฐ๐ฒ๐๐๐ฒ๐ refer to the activities that are carried out successively throughout the life cycle of a product, from its manufacture to its distribution.
This is also referred to as the โvalue chainโ or โactivity chainโ.